The third investment will scale up distributed bioenergy projects across Southeast Asia and India.
Mr Menon pointed out that bioenergy projects are often under-financed because of feedstock risks, smaller project sizes, and operational complexity.
The fourth investment is a loan to support the construction of small power plants in Indonesia using mini-hydro technology.
“Local banks were reluctant to take construction risk, and the portfolio was too nascent for international banks. (Green investment) funding made it possible,” said Mr Menon.
He added that higher fossil fuel subsidies in parts of Asia, coupled with limited fiscal buffers and high public debt, have also squeezed the government budgets needed to fund grid investment and green infrastructure financing.
The MAS-backed FAST-P initiative was formed in 2023 to channel financing in innovative ways towards green projects that tend to be less bankable and are not readily supported by the private sector.
The initiative aims to bring together public, private, and philanthropic capital to help finance Asia’s decarbonisation efforts, with a target of eventually raising up to US$5 billion.
In 2024, the Singapore Government pledged up to US$500 million to FAST-P in the form of concessional funding, such as grants and loans provided on more favourable terms and at below-market rates.
This innovative financing approach is called blended finance, which typically starts with capital from public or philanthropic sources as a catalyst. This will then spur the private sector – which holds most of the world’s wealth but is risk-averse – to invest in sustainable projects.
Mr Menon outlined how the US$800 million was raised for green investments.
The Singapore Government’s contribution of US$80 million was matched by other foreign government-linked finance institutions, such as British International Investment and Export Finance Australia, as well as philanthropies like Allied Climate Partners.
This base of US$160 million then attracted US$640 million from commercial players, such as Cathay United Bank, DBS Bank, and HSBC, he said.
In addition to the green investments pillar, FAST-P comprises two other pillars.
The second pillar focuses on energy transition, which will help countries phase out coal plants and replace them with renewables, battery storage, and upgraded grid infrastructure.
Acknowledging that phasing out young coal plants in the region will be tough, Mr Menon said FAST-P’s financing will have to be paired with carbon credit proceeds and enabling policies at the national level.